H. P. Grice, "Meta-Ambiguity; Or, The Ambiguity Of Ambiguity"

structural ambiguity: Also called syntactical ambiguity. The ambiguity arises from the grammatical structure of a language, that is, from the different ways in which words in a sentence of that language can be related meaningfully to each other. This sort of ambiguity is ascribed to a sentence or statement, and is in contrast to semantic or lexical ambiguity, which is ascribed to a word and arises from the multiplicity of senses associated with a single word. The grammatical relations that most often produce structural or syntactical ambiguity include misplaced modifiers, loosely applied adverbs, elliptical constructions, and omitted punctuation. For instance, the statement that “The fat businessman’s son is nice” is structurally ambiguous, for the adjective “fat” can be taken either to modify “businessman” or “the businessman’s son.” “A denoting expression is called structurally ambiguous if there is a model with respect to which it is ambiguous.” Montague, Formal Philosophy