Speranza
A donkey pronoun is a pronoun that is bound in semantics but not syntax.
Some writers prefer the term donkey anaphora, since it is the referential
aspects and discourse or syntactic context that are of interest to researchers
(see anaphora).
The terms d-type or e-type pronoun are also used, mutually
exclusively, dependent on theoretical approach to interpretation. A sentence
containing a donkey pronoun is sometimes called a donkey sentence.
The term "donkey pronoun" was coined from a counterexample provided by Peter Geach (1962)
to Richard Montague's proposal for a generalized formal representation of
quantification in natural language.
The example was reused by David Lewis
(1975), Gareth Evans (1977) and many others, and is still quoted in recent
publications.
The original donkey sentence is as follows.
Every farmer who
owns a donkey beats it.
— Peter Geach, Reference and Generality
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