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Thursday, March 26, 2020

H. P. Grice on Aristotle's proairesis-doxa distinction

προαίρ-εσις , εως,
A.choosing one thing before another, Pl. Prm. 143cpurpose, resolution, “πκαὶ πρᾶξις” Id.Def.413a, cf. Arist.EN1094a2; opp. ἀνάγκη, Isoc. 1.10; “ἐκ πκαὶ βουλήσεως” D.44.57, cf. Arist. PA 657b1; “ κατὰ πκίνησις” Id.Metaph.1015a33τὰ κατὰ πἀδικήματα wrongs done from malice prepense, Lycurg.148ζῆν κατὰ π., as a test of freedom. Arist.Pol.1280a34παρὰ τὴν π. contrary to one's purpose, Id.Metaph.1015a27; as characteristic of moral action, “ πβουλευτικὴ ὄρεξις τῶν ἐφ᾽ ἡμῖν” Id.EN1113a10, cf. 1139a23inclination, “χρῶ ὡς βούλει τῇ σεαυτοῦ π.” Epicur.Sent.V at.51motive, “κατὰ προαίρεσιν δακρύειν” Hp.Aph.4.52.
2. purpose, plan, or scope of action, “τῇ πτοῦ βίου” D.23.14148.56; “οὐδενὸς εὐδοκιμεῖ πράγματος  π.” Id.Prooem. 50; “ἐπὶ τῇ τοῦ πλεονεκτεῖν πζῆν” Id.23.127ἀναίδεια καὶ ππονηρίας deliberate wickedness, Id.Ep.3.18; “τῶν καλῶν ἔργων” Zaleuc. ap. Stob. 4.2.19: abs., course of life, principle of action, “ἐν πχρηστῇ καὶ βίῳ σώφρονι ζῆν” D.Ep.l.c.; “διὰ τὰς τέτταρας δραχμὰς ἀποβάλω τὴν π.;” Strato Com.1.33: pl., principles, Isoc.1.9; “αἱ κοιναὶ π.” D.18.210, etc.
3. in political language, deliberate course of action, policy,  π ἐμὴ καὶ  πολιτεία ib.93 πτῆς πολιτείας ib.192, cf. 19.27Plb.3.8.518.37.1OGI1763.50 (Milet., ii B.C.); mode of government, such as an oligarchy, D.13.8 πτῆς πόλεως, opp.  τύχη, Id.18.306 πτῶν κοινῶν ib.292: pl., τὰς κοινὰς π. your public principles, policy, ib.210, cf. 206; “ταῖς τοῦ δήμου π.” Id.Ep.3.2.
5. political party, “οἱ τῆς ἐκείνου π.” Id.10.4.
b. sect or school of music, philosophy, etc., Plu.2.1137bGal.18(2).658; “αἱ ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ π.” Luc.Demon.4, etc.
7. character, reputation, ἠστόχει τῆς σφετέρας π. had no regard for his own reputation, Id.7.14.3; “ἀείμνηστον καὶ καλὴν ἔχει τὴν π.” Id.9.9.10; “καταξίως . . τῆς τῶν ἀλειφομένων π.” Arch.Pap.3.134 (Thera, iii/ii B.C.).
8. devotion, affection, goodwill, “τᾷ πἃν ἔχων τυγχάνει ἐς τὰν ἁμὰν πόλιν” SIG721.30 (Crete, ii/i B.C.), cf. 593.4 (Perrhaebia, ii B.C.); ἀποδεξάμενον μετ᾽ εὐνοίας τὴν τοῦ δήμου π. the homage of the people, ib.700.43 (Macedonia, ii B.C.); ἐπαινέσαι ἐπὶ τᾷ περὶ . . τὰν τέχναν π. her devotion to her art, ib.738.11 (Delph., i B.C.), cf. 737.12(i B.C.); = σπουδήzeal, τὴν πἣν  δῆμος . . διατελεῖ ποιούμενος τῶν . . ἐνδόξων ib.590.33 (Cos, ii B.C.).
9. expressed opinion, advice, “τὴν πἀποδεξάμενοι τοῦ λέγοντος” Plb.39.3.9, cf. 2.42.47.13.47.14.1.

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