Abstract:
"Thoughts or experiences can be self-reflexive (refer to themselves) by containing token reflexive notions, by representing things from a certain point of view; and/or by having a distinctive self-reflexive conceptual role. Many attractive philosophical ideas are best expressed through appeals to self-reflexive thoughts: KK and BB theses, H. P. Grice on speaker meaning, and David Lewis and Stephen Schiffer on common knowledge. The possibility that most thoughts and experiences are self-reflexive poses a problem for philosophical appeals to higher-order states in order to analyze values or explain what makes a state or event conscious."
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